Sections include: religion and belief; moral and political philosophy; metaphysics and epistemology; metaphysics of mind; and life and death.

What is philosophy? / Simon Blackburn -- The elements of logic / Simon Blackburn -- The ontological argument / Saint Anselm -- In behalf of the fool / Gaunilo -- Is existence a predicate? / G.E. Moore -- Why the ontological argument fails / William L. Rowe -- The cosmological argument / Richard Taylor -- The argument from design / William Paley -- Does God exist? / Ernest Nagel -- The problem of evil / John Hick -- The problem of goodness ./ Steven M. Cahn -- The wager / Blaise Pascal -- The ethics of belief / W.K. Clifford -- The will to believe / William James -- The hiddenness of God / Robert McKim -- Theism and modern science / Nicholas Everitt -- Selections from Utilitarianism / John Stuart Mill -- Extreme and restriced utilitarianism / J.J.C. Smart -- Utilitarianism, integrity and responsibility / Bernard Williams -- Selections from Grounding for the metaphysics of morals / Immanuel Kant -- A simplified account of Kant's ethics / Onora O'Neill -- Selections from the Nicomachaen ethics / Aristotle -- Normative virtue ethics / Rosalind Hursthouse -- Rich and poor / Peter Singer -- Lifeboat ethics: the case against helping the poor / Garrett Hardin -- "Aiding" the global poor / Thomas W. Pogge -- Puppies, pigs, and people: eating meat and marginal cases / Alastair Norcross -- A critique of the alleged moral basis of vegetarianism / Carl Cohen -- The trolley problem / Judith Jarvis Thomson -- Moral luck / Thomas Nagel -- "Glaucon's challenge" from The republic / Plato -- Moral saints / Susan Wolf -- Egoism and moral scepticism / James Rachels -- The challenge of cultural relativism / James Rachels -- Women's "different voice" / Jennifer Saul -- Morality and heuristics / Cass R. Sunstein -- "Contract and commonwealth" from Leviathan / Thomas Hobbes -- "Justice as fairness" from A theory of justice / John Rawls -- "Distributive justice" from Anarchy, state and utopia / Robert Nozick -- Conventions and the morality of war / George I. Mavrodes -- War and innocence / Robert K. Fullinwider -- Self-defense and the killing of noncombatants: a reply to Fullinwider -- Lawrence A. Alexander -- "What is knowledge?" from The meno / Plato -- Is justified true belief knowledge? / Edmund Gettier -- "Knowledge" from Philosophical explanations -- Mediataions 1 and 2 / René Descartes -- Proof of an external world / G.E. Moore -- Certainty / G.E. Moore -- "Skepticism" from Philosophical explanations / Robert Nozick -- Cartesian skepticism and inference to the best explanation / Jonathan Vogel -- "The allegory of the cave" from The republic / Plato -- Selections from Of the principles of human knowledge / George Berkeley -- Posits and reality / W.V.O. Quine. Brains in a vat / Hilary Putnam -- The matrix as metaphysics / David J. Chalmers -- Fiction / Robert Nozick -- "Induction" from An enquiry concerning human understanding / David Hume -- Selections from The problem of induction / Wesley Salmon -- The new riddle of induction / Nelson Goodman -- Time and the relativity of simultaneity / Albert Einstein -- Time / Theodore Sider -- The paradoxes of time travel / David Lewis -- Freedom and necessity / A.J. Ayer -- Human freedom and the self / Roderick M. Chisholm -- Freedom of the will and the concept of a person / Harry Frankfurt -- Freedom and resentment / Peter Strawson -- "Of identity and diversity" from An essay concerning human understanding / John Locke -- The self and the future / Bernard Williams -- "Personal identity" from Reasons and persons / Derek Parfit -- Sixth meditation / René Descartes -- Understanding nyaya-vaiésesika dualism / Kisor Kumar Chakrabarti -- Descartes' myth / Gilbert Ryle -- Physicalism / Daniel Stoljar -- Sensations and brain processes / J.J.C. Smart -- Eliminative materialism and the propositional attitudes / Paul M. Churchland -- The modal argument / Saul Kripke -- The knowledge argument / Frank Jackson -- What is it like to be a bat? / Thomas Nagel -- Quining qualia / Daniel C. Dennett -- Concepts of consciousness / Ned Block -- Computing machinery and intelligence / A.M. Turing -- Can computers think? / John Searle -- Reasoning about our experience / J.J. Valberg -- The argument from illusion: a defense of sense data / A.J. Ayer -- The argument from illusion: a critique of sense data / J.L. Austin -- Logic and conversation / H.P. Grice -- Language and problems of knowledge / Noam Chomsky -- The problem of the essential indexical / John Perry -- "On the harmony of the soul" from The republic / Plato -- Existentialism / Jean-Paul Sartre -- What makes someone's life go best? / Derek Parfit -- The absurd / Thomas Nagel -- Death -- Thomas Nagel -- Death without dread / Walter Kaufmann.