Textbook for:\DMS 306 Physics of Ultrasound I\DMS306 DMS 406 Physics of Ultrasound II DMS406 Orig. purchased with RT funds.

Includes index.

The Basics -- Sound -- Sound Waves -- Acoustic Variables -- Acoustic Parameters -- In-Phase and Out-of-Phase Waves -- Review: Sound -- Describing Sound Waves -- Period -- Frequency -- Three "Bigness" Parameters -- Wavelength -- Propagation Speed -- Review: Describing Sound Waves -- Describing Pulsed Waves -- Pulse Duration -- Spatial Pulse Length -- Pulse Repetition Period -- Pulse Repetition Frequency -- Duty Factor -- Parameters That Describe Both Pulsed and Continuous Waves -- Review: Pulsed Waves -- Intensities -- Measuring and Reporting Sound Beam Intensity -- Spatial Considerations -- Temporal Considerations -- Combining Spatial and Temporal Factors -- The "Ten Commandments" of Intensity -- Interaction of Sound and Media -- Decibels (dB) -- Attenuation -- Attenuation Coefficient -- Reflection and Transmission -- Impedance -- Summary: Reflection, Transmission, and Refraction -- Review: Attenuation & Reflection -- Range Equation -- Time-of-Flight or Go-Return Time -- Review: Range Equation -- Transducers -- Basic Transducer Construction -- Transducer Frequencies -- Review: Transducers -- Sound Beams -- Shape of a Sound Beam -- Anatomy of a Sound Beam -- Determining Focal Depth -- Sound Beam Divergence -- Spherical Waves -- Huygens' Principle -- Review: Sound Beams -- Axial and Lateral Resolution -- Axial Resolution -- Lateral Resolution -- Focusing -- Display Modes -- . A-mode-Amplitude -- . B-mode-Brightness -- .M-mode-Motion -- Two-Dimensional Imaging -- Mechanical Transducer -- Linear Phased Arrays -- Annular Phased Arrays -- Linear Sequential Arrays -- Vector Arrays -- Slice Thickness or Elevational Resolution -- Real-Time Imaging -- Temporal Resolution -- Imaging Depth -- Number of Pulses per Image -- Pulsed Echo Instrumentation -- Pulser -- Beam Former -- Receiver -- Output Power vs. Receiver Gain -- Review: Pulsed Echo Instrumentation -- Displays and Image Processing -- Display Controls -- Analog and Digital image Data -- Magnification -- Coded Excitation -- Spatial Compounding -- Frequency Compounding -- Edge Enhancement -- Persistence -- Fill-in Interpolation -- Emerging Technology: Elastography -- PACS and DICOM -- Recording and Archiving Techniques -- Review: Displays and Image Processing -- Dynamic Range -- Dynamic Range of System Components -- Number of Choices -- Harmonics and Contrast Agents -- Fundamental and Harmonic Images -- Tissue Harmonics -- Pulse Inversion Harmonics -- Contrast Agents -- Contrast Harmonics -- Hemodynamics -- Flow -- Laminar vs. Turbulent -- Energy Gradient -- Forms of Energy -- Energy Losses in the Circulation -- Stenosis -- Bernoulli's Principle -- Pressure-Flow Relationships -- Ohm's Law -- Venous Hemodynamics -- Hydrostatic Pressure -- Breathing and Venous Flow -- Doppler -- Speed vs. Velocity -- The Doppler Equation -- Bidirectional Doppler -- Continuous Wave Doppler -- Pulsed Wave Doppler -- Aliasing -- Color Flow Doppler -- Doppler Artifacts -- Spectral Analysis -- Optimizing Doppler Imaging -- Normal Incidence -- Color Doppler Gain -- Spectral Doppler Gain -- Aliasing -- Flow Reversal vs. Aliasing -- Wall Filter -- Wall Filter vs. Increasing Scale -- Artifacts -- Image Characteristics -- Basic Assumptions of Imaging System -- Reverberation -- Comet Tail -- Shadow -- Enhancement -- Mirror Image -- Speed Error -- Lobes -- Refraction -- Slice Thickness -- Lateral Resolution -- Axial Resolution -- Review: Artifacts -- Quality Assurance -- Requirements -- Objective vs. Subjective Standards -- Tissue Equivalent Phantom -- Doppler Phantom -- Slice Thickness Phantom -- Performance Measurements -- Sonographers in the Clinical Setting -- Major Principles of Medical Ethics -- Informed Consent -- Patient-Sonographer Interaction -- Sonographer-Work Environment Interaction -- Standard Precautions -- Bioeffects -- Converting Sound Energy into Heat -- Risk-Benefit Relationship -- Study Techniques -- Mechanisms of Bioeffects -- Epidemiology -- Clinical Safety and Prudent Use -- Electrical Safety -- Exam Review -- Index